Canada has had a strong cannabis culture for much of its history. There’s evidence showing indigenous peoples cultivating cannabis & hemp for hundreds if not thousands of years, across all of North America. Cannabis is known to flourish throughout the globe, but in North America particularly there’s been a long and largely unrecorded history with this wondrous plant. Used for medicine, textiles, building materials and even included in the construction of crude vehicles (hand-pulled carts, plows and various watercraft), both cannabis and its close cousin hemp were relied upon for many First Nations in Canada. Not only was cannabis a practical resource, but it also has a rich history as a spiritual remedy – involved in many rites and rituals, it has held spiritual significance for many peoples in addition to its health benefits as a medicine.
Perhaps because of its spiritual importance to First Nations, many Canadians have adopted cannabis use as a part of their cultural identity. For some, consuming cannabis is not just a way to relax or escape reality, for many others smoking marijuana is almost a religious practice. The plant and its close relatives in the Cannabaceae family (hemp, hops) have an almost cult-like following because of its healing properties. Healing, both medically and spiritually, have often had close ties to one another, and its because of life-changing resources like cannabis that many Canadians are able to live happy, healthy lives.
Just like much of recorded human behavior, many of our spiritual habits lead to advances in technology or drastic societal changes. In the case of cannabis, people began consuming the plant and experiencing the psychoactive effects of THC, which led them to harvest it in the wild, frequently seeking it out as part of their foraging. Eventually, cannabis and hemp were cultivated by Canada’s First Nations, and its uses began to multiply – the plant fibers make for very sturdy footwear, clothing, and even improved weaponry or tools with things like hempen rope.
This trend of cannabis & hemp cultivation continued with the European settlers who began trading for this unique plant when they first landed on North American shores. Hemp was definitely a known commodity to many settlers, but their shock and awe at finding the same plant they used for making hemp sacks and hemp rope among the indigenous folk of Canada was well-documented. Hemp really took off among Canadian settlers, and it was a popular crop for farmers throughout the 1800’s. It wasn’t until the infamous Act to Prohibit Opium & Other Drugs in 1923 that cannabis & hemp were even considered to be of any negative influence on Canadians.